It is a swelling of the optic nerve head due to intracranial hypertension eg. malignant hypertension, central retinal vein thrombosis) is not considered papilledema.

Treatment: Once the cause of the increased pressure around the brain is identified, a treatment plan is formulated. If a brain tumor is responsible, then resection of the tumor becomes necessary to reduce the pressure around the brain, it may be followed by radiation and if the tumor is malignant, chemotherapy can be performed after resection, it can also be treated with the administration of diuretics. Increased pressure within the brain caused by bacterial or viral infections can be treated with antibiotics and antivirals, respectively, to successfully treat Papilledema.