It is an acute generalized eye infection, produced by a Gram-positive bacterial infection, such as Staphylococcus epidermis or S. aureos. Those caused by gram-negative organisms tend to be more virulent and have a worse prognosis. Fungal or protozoal endophthalmitis are rare. Most cases occur after intraocular surgery or penetrating ocular trauma. Less commonly, the infection reaches the eye through the bloodstream after systemic or dental surgery or when IV drugs or lines are used.

Treatment: A vitreous puncture should be done to detect the bacteria that have caused the infection. Antibiotics given through an intraocular injection are used, and steroid drops are also likely to be used to combat inflammation. If it is very advanced, a vitrectomy may be necessary.