The brain and spinal cord are vulnerable to diseases and injuries, the most common being cerebrovascular and neurological. It encompasses all the problems where the blood vessels supplying the brain are affected and all to a lesser or greater extent produce altered vision.

1. Epilepsy

2. Tumors

3. Cloistered syndrome

4. Multiple sclerosis

5. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

6. Diabetic neuropathies and other metabolic disorders

7. Infections

8. Dementias

Treatment: it will depend on each pathology.